17 October 2004

●Zarqawi pledges to bin Laden: al-Qaeda in Iraq

PartiesArmed Islamist groups (al-Qaeda, Nusra, ISIS, Assir…)Iraq / Saddam Hussein

On 17 October 2004 Abu Musab al-Zarqawi announced his pledge of allegiance to Osama bin Laden, and "Tawhid and Jihad" became "al-Qaeda in Mesopotamia".

▲ The US invasion of Iraq Bombing of the al-Askari shrine ▼

Cause

The US invasion of Iraq (context)

Leads to

Bombing of the al-Askari shrine (context)Bombing of the al-Askari shrine (context)

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