✍The National Salvation Committee

In June 1982, during the invasion and the siege of Beirut and before the election of Bachir Gemayel as president on 23 August, President Elias Sarkis formed the six-member "National Salvation Committee", including the Lebanese Forces commander Bachir Gemayel, the head of the Amal Movement Nabih Berri and prime minister Shafik Wazzan, to manage the crisis and negotiate through the American mediator Philip Habib; its opponents saw it as cover for Bachir's rise. Berri's acceptance of joining it provoked the breakaway of his deputy Hussein al-Musawi, who founded "Islamic Amal", and of other members who founded Hezbollah.