✸The Munich operation

A hostage-taking of Israeli athletes during the Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, on 5–6 September 1972, carried out by the Black September organisation, demanding the release of 236 prisoners in Israeli jails, most of them Arabs, together with Kozo Okamoto of the Japanese Red Army. It ended with the deaths of 11 Israeli athletes, 5 of the Palestinian attackers, and a German policeman and helicopter pilot.